Primitivism

Mykhailo Fedorovich Andriienko-Nechytaylo was a Ukrainian artist and avant-garde stage designer. The central part of his artistic career was in France, where he was a representative of the Paris School of Fine Arts.Together with Kovzhun and Musyka, he organized the Association of Ukrainian Artists and helped young fellow artists who immigrated to France. Five paintings by Andrienko-Nechitailo, which appeared in the Lviv Art Museum, where the exhibitions of this association were held, were destroyed in 1952 as “formalist” and “without value”.Along with Alexander Arkhipenko, Mykhailo Andriienko managed to mirror the various directions of avant-garde painting of the 20th century in his multifaceted work. His solo exhibitions, except for a few in Paris, were successfully held in Rome, Berlin, Geneva, Amsterdam, and Chicago.A series of works by Mykhailo Andriienko in the style of neo-realism under the general title "Disappearing Paris" is of historical value as an art document of the capital of France.In the field of theatrical scenery, the works of Andriienko-Nechytailo occupy one of the first places in contemporary European art. The master proposed not only a great art form but also introduced a new understanding of the stage space in the chamber theater.Andriienko was a man of high culture and a multi-talented person. He fruitfully worked as an art critic and writer. Specialists characterize his stories and psychological novels as examples of highly artistic prose. His critical articles on art and aesthetic observations were published in the emigrant magazines Renaissance, New Life, and in the Munich Ukrainian journal “Suchasnist”.Being in the center of European cultural life, Andrienko luckily avoided imitations, having developed an original creative manner. The Ukrainian artist was one of the outstanding masters of the fine art of the XX century. His paintings and graphic works are in museums in Paris, New York, London, Rome, at the National Museum in Lviv (Ukraine), in numerous private collections.

A famous artist (painter and graphic artist), art theorist, talented teacher, a prominent figure in the cultural process of the first quarter of the 20th century. A native of Russia, Viktor Palmov is rightly considered a classic of the Ukrainian avant-garde. The artist developed his theory of "colorization" and was the author of several articles on the problems of the theory of new painting, published in the magazine "New Generation". The master’s works were among those “arrested” and were banned from showing at galleries and museums on a par with the canvases of A. Bogomazov, D. Burliuk, A. Exter, and “Boychukists”.

A Spanish (Catalan) painter and sculptor, whose work had a huge impact on the entire generation of modern artists. Joan Miro's paintings are the earliest surrealistic works. They served as the basis for the further formation and development of the style that is extremely popular to this day.Joan Miro tried his hand in various modernist and avant-garde styles of European painting, but never stopped on one of them completely, constantly improving and enriching his artistic method, experimenting with different painting techniques and methods. The result of these experiments was his painting style based on surrealism. This is what allowed the artist to rethink the basic principles of fine art in accordance with his original vision of the surrounding reality.The unique world of Joan Miró is full of unique images and symbols. They are presented in the form of pure plastic signs located in an empty space; they are not completely abstract but rather resemble naive art or drawings of children. Miro’s paintings consist of geometric, right or wrong figures, a dance of twisting lines and small details that have mystical meaning and create an indescribable atmosphere of each work.

A Belarusian painter, graphic artist, illustrator and stage designer of Jewish origin, a master of applied and monumental art of the 20th century. Marc Chagall became one of the most internationally recognized creators. When many of his fellow peers conducted ambitious experiments, often leading to abstraction, he sacredly believed in the power of figurative art, which he supported with his work.Despite the avant-garde ideas he perceived, he remained a romantic. Born in Belarus, Chagall worked in Russia and France, where he immediately became a prominent figure at the École de Paris, and later in the United States and the Middle East. Travels confirmed his image of the archetypal "wandering Jew", who believed that art destroys borders and estates.The influence of Marc Chagall is as vast as the number of styles that he assimilated in his art. Never completely agreeing with any movement, he mixed many of the visual elements of cubism, fauvism, symbolism and surrealism into his lyrically emotional aesthetics with the invariable presence of Jewish and Slavic folklore.Chagall, like Picasso, is a vivid example of a modern artist who created many works - paintings (oil, gouache, watercolour), frescoes, etching, stained glass, ceramic products, theater decorations and costumes.

A prominent English artist, a famous art critic and theorist, who is considered the author of such a term as post-impressionism, as well as the forerunner of a special kind of British Futurism - Vorticism.Becoming interested in French art movements, Roger Fry was able to organize an exhibition in London with paintings of several artists from Parisian groups. Despite harsh criticism, the artist repeated such an exposition two years later and thereby helped Post-impressionism and Cubism “to storm” British fine art. The artist depicted the second exhibition; that painting is now included in the collection of the Paris Orsay Museum.Of great importance for the formation of the British avant-garde was the work of the «Omega Workshops», a design studio organized by Fry, where representatives of the national avant-garde such as W. Bell, W. Lewis, D. Grant, and W. Roberts, began their careers.Professor and art historian Roger Eliot Fry wrote theoretical works, essays and lectures, which were very popular not only in the UK but also had a significant influence on many artists as well as art historians from around the world. Among the books characterized by the clarity of prose, in which the author demonstrated his brilliant knowledge of history and extraordinary analytical abilities, there is his study of the work of Paul Cezanne, Henri Matisse and others.

A Russian avant-garde artist, painter and graphic artist, a stage designer, who worked in Paris for many years. In the history of Russian art, the name of N.S. Goncharova is closely associated with the name of M. Larionov: they worked together for 60 years, first in Russia, then in Paris. Unusually talented creators, collaborating, helped one another to establish their individuality.The artist called the Amazon of the avant-garde, a member of the Jack of Diamonds and Blue Horseman groups, a Futurist and Cubist painter, was a bold innovator in painting, a brilliant decorator that till now impresses art lovers with a rare variety of her great artistic talent.The so-called «Russian style» never existed in professional fine art before Goncharova's «Rooster». Inheriting the traditions of lubok art and using folk ideas about religion, the folklore of Egypt and her favourite Scythia, she, undoubtedly, combined all into a single harmonious style.

An outstanding Ukrainian painter and graphic artist, one of the main representatives of the avant-garde fine art of the first half of the 20th century. He worked in the genres of landscape, portrait, still life and plot painting. David Shterenberg was a talented teacher; among his numerous students and followers, there were such prominent masters as A. A. Deineka and others. A multi-talented personality and creator, he was a book artist and a master of theatrical scenery.Being ahead of the development of new styles, the artist developed a theory of minimalism in a still life, where elements of Primitivism and Cubism harmoniously combined. He developed and published the program treatise "Tasks of Contemporary Art." He was awarded the title of Honored Artist of the USSR.The merit of the master in the world of art is that he defended the fundamental importance of easel painting in the general formation of a new aesthetics of the 20th century being in full solidarity with avant-garde art.

A Ukrainian artist and poet, publisher, critic, who worked in Russia, Japan and America. One of the founders of the Russian and Ukrainian avant-garde traditionally referred to as the "father of Russian Futurism".He was an initiator of revolutionary ideas, which united many famous people (Lentulov and Exter, Bogomazov and Palmov, poets Mayakovsky and Kamensky, Kruchyonykh and Khlebnikov, Aseev and Guro), as well as the creator of the group "Gilea" - the first literary and artistic union of the Futurists. He was a member and organizer of innovative groups “Stefanos Wreath”, “Jack of Diamonds”, a member of the Moscow Youth Union and the Munich Blue Horseman.The master was the first in Bashkortostan to create images of the indigenous population, the first to transfer avant-garde to the land of Japan.The artist’s museum was created in Brooklyn (New York, the USA); the American International Zaumi Academy annually presents the prize “International Mark of D. Burliuk".

A Romanian painter and sculptor of Jewish origin, the main representative of the vanguard of this country in the first half of the 20th century and during the post-war period. The artist made a significant part of his creative career in France. Although Victor Brauner, after his early post-impressionist and expressionist experiences, contributed to every avant-garde movement, much of his work fits into the concept of Surrealism.Active in the cultural life of his country, the artist tried to develop avant-garde movements - he founded the magazine “75 HP” in Bucharest, wrote the “Manifesto of Picto-Poetry,” and organized exhibitions of Dadaists and Surrealists. However, the threat of falling into the dungeons of the Nazis forced the artist to settle in France.Brauner was an active and influential member of the Surrealist association headed by Andre Breton; however, according to art expert, his art stood apart due to the artist’s unbridled imagination and, most importantly, his serious passion for esoteric ideas and the authentic art of different nationalities. This style made the artist original, especially after he lost his eye – the same one, which he depicted as knocked out in his self-portrait seven years before it happened in real.Victor Brauner was a participant in major surrealist exhibitions; in 1966 (in the year of his death), he was chosen to represent France at the Venice Biennale. He willed to make the inscription, "Painting is life, real life, my life" on the grave plate of the Montmartre cemetery.

A Ukrainian self-taught artist, one of the brightest original folk painters who worked in Ukraine and Moldova, a member of the Union of Ukrainian Folk Artists and the Moldavian Charitable Foundation of Ukrainian professional artists and folk masters Renastere-Renaissance. He was an author of more than 600 paintings exhibited at the National Art Museum of Ukraine, the Museum of Folk Art of Ukraine, the Museum of Popular Life and Architecture of Ukraine, etc. In the artist's house in Sokiryany, a museum was founded; one of the streets is named after Semernya.

Before taking up the visual arts at the age of 50, the Spanish self-taught artist, was an active member of the revolutionary movements. Thanks to Pablo Picasso, Pablo Neruda, Francois Mitterrand, David Rothschild, Greta Garbo and Helena Rubinstein acquired the artist’s works; several galleries in Europe organized his personal exhibitions. He participated in significant collective exhibitions in Basel and Rome, Rotterdam and Rabat, Zagreb and Belgrade. His paintings were bought not only by European museums (Paris, and others), but also by museums in the USA and Brazil. The artist is included in the United Art Rating “10,000 Greatest Artists of the World of the XVIII – XXI Centuries”.

Martin Jonaš was the most famous representative of the naïve art of Serbia, one of the founders of the Gallery of naive art in his homeland, in the village of Kovacice. During his long and fruitful creative career, the painter participated in more than 400 personal and collective exhibitions and actively popularized the naïve art of villagers. Martin Jonaš received many prestigious awards in Serbia and abroad. He received many art awards, including the gold medal at the Large International art exhibition in Italy in 1978, together with Salvador Dali. The artist’s painting is full of deep folk philosophy and respect for hard work of an ordinary villager.

A Ukrainian self-taught artist, graphic artist, master of decorative painting. Basing on folk traditions, Hanna Sobachko-Shostak introduced modern sound and elements of fantasy into them. The artist became a Master of Folk Art (in 1936) and a member of the Union of Artists of the USSR in 1939. Her works were highly appreciated abroad, in particular, by Henri Matisse.

A painter, graphic artist, illustrator, theater designer and the creator of the school of primitive art in the village of Hlebine. Together with his associates, Krsto Hegedusic founded an independent artistic group called Earth in 1929. This group fought for social justice and equality in society, for which it was persecuted by the state. The artist often visited the village of Hlebine, where he spent his childhood; in 1930, he began to teach painting to talented local peasants Ivan Generalich and Franjo Mraz. This was the beginning of the famous Hlebine school of naive art, which glorified the work of Croatian primitive artists around the whole world.

Mansiysk and the first Nenets artist. He is considered the creator of the "northern art". He became known thanks to his friend and biographer G. Gore. He is famous as a very sincere, gentle, naive artist, subtle colorist. During his short creative biography - only seven years, including four years of his student life at workshops specially created for folk amateur artists.

Ivan Vasilievich Kliun (born Klyonkov) was a russian avant-garde artist, art theorist, a brilliant representative of several recent art movements, including Suprematism - a special branch of Russian Abstractionism of the first half of the 20th century.A companion and friend, as well as a follower of K. Malewicz, who remained in his shadow and even was unjustly considered the “avant-garde of the second row”, was one of the most original masters in both Cubo-Futurism and Suprematism. His best works, no doubt related to the geometric abstractions of the author of the Black Square, are freer in painting, rich in the play of light and shadow, whimsical in terms of irrationalism of forms, sometimes brought by the author to a super-impressive minimum.These qualities attracted connoisseur and collector George Kostaki, thanks to whom the master's works were preserved and became known later. Traveling to Greece, Kostaki was forced to donate a part of his personal collection to his country; thus, the work of Kliun ended up at the Tretyakov Gallery and other main collections of the USSR.Ivan Kliun was an active participant in the cultural life of the “futuristic” capitals of Russia, an exhibitor of all significant avant-garde exhibitions, a founding member of the Moscow Salon and Supremus associations, an author of several theoretical treatises, a member of the later group Four Arts.

A Croatian artist, one of the greatest representatives of the naive art of the twentieth century. Ivan Generalić attracted the attention of the public with his personal exhibition in Paris in 1953, thanks to which interest in the original art of self-taught artists was revived all over the world, and the work of the Croat won immense popularity and gained thousands of admirers.Generalić actively developed his art school in Hlebine, which played a crucial role in Croatian art, held exhibitions around the world, winning awards and honors, was a member of the Union of Croatian Artists and had a large number of students. The artist became a legend during his lifetime, and his work is an integral part of Croatian and world art.

A Croatian naive artist, belonging to the second generation of primitive artists of the Hlebinska school. Ivan Večenaj was one of the followers of Ivan Generalic, who developed and augmented the art tradition of Hlebine. Apart from painting, the artist was interested in oral folk art, and tried his hand at writing. He collected old proverbs, riddles and legends, and also published a digest of folk songs and compiled the Gole dictionary, which contained more than 12 000 ancient words. Of all the artists of the Hlebinska school, Večenaj was the closest to the creative work of the people, and his paintings, filled with fantasy and sincere faith, were included into the World Encyclopedia of Naive Art. The ethnographic museum, which Večenaj organized in his estate, is of great importance for the preservation of folk culture.

A Famous Croatian artist, a son of a villager. Together with Ivan Generalich and Mirko Virius, he was a student of Krsto Hegedusic, who founded the school of naive arts in Hlebine, and one of the first Croatian primitives. Franjo Mraz participated in the expositions of the group “Earth”, as well as in many exhibitions of primitive art throughout Europe. During the Second World War, the artist led guerrilla activities and was an adviser in major anti-fascist organizations. After receiving a professional art education, Mraz eventually returned to the naive style, the openness and spontaneity of which was closest to him.

A French self-taught painter, one of the most famous representatives of naive art (primitivism). Having started a creative career after 40 years, the artist was eventually approved by all avant-garde movements. The development process of the art of the 20th century proved that, like many geniuses, great Henri Rousseau, nicknamed the Customs Officer, was way ahead of his era. Pictures of the artist are in the most significant museums of France, Russia, Great Britain, Germany, Czech Republic, Japan, Switzerland and the USA. The artist’s paintings are in the most significant museums of France, Russia, Great Britain, Germany, Czech Republic, Japan, Switzerland and the USA.

A Ukrainian self-taught painter, who in five years painted her whole house (seven rooms) including ceilings, doors, a stove, all the outbuildings, fences, and gates. The elderly artist who worked in the style of naive art is rightly placed on a par with such Ukrainian amateur artists as Maria Primachenko, Tatyana Pat, Ekaterina Bilokur, and Anna Sobachko-Shostak. At the same time, Polina Rayko’s naive painting is special, closer to outsider art. A few TV programmes about her were made; in 2005 the catalog of her paintings “The Road to Paradise” was released in Ukrainian and English. An exhibition of photographs of the wall painting by the naive artist with great resonance was held at the national center of folk culture “The Museum of Ivan Gonchar”. The house of the artist in Oleshki is now protected by the Law of Ukraine “On the Protection of Cultural Heritage”.

A Serbian artist, a famous representative of the naive art of Kovacica. Zuzana Chalupova was one of the first village women who, instead of traditional embroidery, began painting and achieved great success in this. Together with her fellow countryman and teacher Martin Jonas, she became the founder of the Gallery of Naive Art in Kovacica taken under the protection of UNESCO, where works of talented self-taught artists have been exhibited till now. The work of Zuzana Chalupova is famous not only in her motherland, but also in Germany and France; her paintings were published in famous magazines, devoted to the fine arts. Almost all paintings of the artist are devoted to children; she collaborated with The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) and with The International Red Cross and created several works specifically for these organizations.

A Russian self-taught artist, painter and graphic artist. One of the most famous representatives of the naive art working in Moscow. Medvedeva's paintings have been valued for 40 years; they are actively presented at exhibitions; they are the subject of collecting, and are successfully sold all over the world. The works of the amateur author are in the Tsaritsyno State Museum-Preserve and in the State House of Folk Art (Moscow), in the Kolodzei Art Foundation (Highland Park, USA), dozens of modern art galleries and dozens of private collections in Russia and Germany, France and the USA, Japan, etc. According to the version of the Union of Artists of Russia, the artistic rating of E.I. Medvedeva allows her to be nominated for the Internet project "10,000 of the best artists in the world of 18-21 centuries".

A Russian self-taught artist of Ukrainian origin, one of the most prominent and world famous representatives of amateur art. Elena Volkova was the first naïve artist, whose personal exhibition was held at the State Tretyakov Gallery (December 2005 – January 2006), when she was alive. Valentin Volkov, the artist’s son, initiated and opened her private museum in Moscow. Volkova’s name is included in the English and American Encyclopedias of naïve art.

A bright and famous Ukrainian representative of the "people's primitive art", People's Artist of Ukraine. She is also known as an illustrator of many children's books. An iconic figure not only in modernist Ukrainian culture, but also as a master of fantasy painting, recognized far beyond the borders of the country. Her works were exhibited all over the world: in Paris and Montreal, in Prague and Sofia, in Warsaw, etc. The artist’s name is written in golden letters in the World Encyclopedia of Art. By the decision of UNESCO, 2009 was declared the year of M. Prymachenko. From the heritage of more than 900 paintings, 650 belong to the National Art Museum of Ukraine.

A Ukrainian self-taught artist, graphic artist and master of decorative folk painting, People’s Artist of Ukraine (1956), a bright representative of naive art.The work of the rural artist is among the high achievements of the Ukrainian culture of the 20th century; it is the subject of the study of art historians. There are two exhibitions at the Yagotinsky local history museum: the pictorial and graphic heritage of Bilokur; the large hall of the State Museum of Ukrainian Folk Decorative Art is devoted to her works. In 1980, the TV show “Katerina Bilokur” was released; in 1983, composer L. Dichko created the ballet of the same name; in 1986, the documentary movie “The Magic World Bilokur” was filmed; in 1989 - the two-part art film “Disobedient”; in 2009, the play “Two Indigo Flowers” was staged at the Franco Theatre. In 1990, the annual Bilokur Prize was established; it is awarded on the day of St. Catherine.

A Polish and Ukrainian (Lemkiv) self-taught artist. Recognized in the world of fine art as one of the largest naive artists.It is surprising that Nikifor, an unfathered and absolutely lonely, almost deaf and tongue-tied, almost illiterate beggar, showed tremendous perseverance in achieving the goal he set for himself. He wanted to become “Mateiko from Krynica”, not knowing yet that this ironic nickname was the name of a famous artist. He became Nikifor, whom even the entire artistic world knows without a surname. The colossal ability to work and the desire to draw made it possible for the number of works created by him to appear in the history of fine art. That is not including those which were destroyed because they were used as a kindling, offered as payment for a piece of bread, those that disappeared from the chest when Nikifor was arrested on suspicion of espionage, those partially unaccounted and undried, which were bought by fans, who came to Krynica to the famous old incurably sick primitivist.The legacy that he left is colossal - there are up to 40 thousand preserved works. Currently, his works are in various art collections of galleries and museums, as well as significant private collections. Most of the paintings are exhibited at the regional museum of Nova Sacz and at the Nikifor Museum in Krynica (opened in 1995). The original artist became the hero of the film “My Nikifor” (K. Krause, 2004). The monuments of Lemko Nikifor (Epiphanius) Drovniak, who was given documents with the name Nikifor Krynitsky in his Polish motherland, were installed in Krynica and in Lviv.

An American Jewish-born self-taught artist, native of Russian Poland. He painted nudes, landscapes, portraits, still lifes, depicted a lot of animals – both wild and domestic. Trying to follow the academic art conventions, he eventually came to his own non-traditional style, fully falling under the definition of naive art. In the period of his short creative career (he started painting at the age of 65 and lived 74 years), he created 77 paintings. Most of them belong to the New York MoMA (an abbreviation of "Museum of Modern Art") and to the Parisian National Museum of Art Nouveau.

Her real name was Anna Maria Moses, born Robertson. An American self-taught artist, one of the first and the main representatives of pictorial primitivism in her country. Having started to paint at the age of 60, the artist presented her paintings at hundreds of exhibitions not only in the United States, but throughout Europe. 16 million Christmas cards of Grandma Moses were issued. In 1949, President Truman gave the artist the award For Outstanding Achievements in the Arts; she received an honorary doctorate in several US schools. Factories produced fabrics and dishes with paintings of Moses; some movies about her life were created; the monograph “Grandmother Moses: American Primitive” (autobiographical notes, edited by O. Kallir, introduction by L. Bromfield) became the best-selling art book. Grandmother Moses's birthday became a holiday in New York (the artist lived 101 years). A crater on Venus was named after her.

A Russian self-taught artist, one of the leading representatives of the older generation of naive artists. He was an author of more than ten personal expositions, was highly appreciated at the international exhibition Insita-1997 (Bratislava, Slovakia, Grand Prix), at the International Naive Art Competition Gallery Pro Art Kasper (Switzerland, 2000, Grand Prix). His exhibitions were successfully held in the USA (Gallerie Saint-Etienne, New York) and Germany (S. Zander Museum), in Amsterdam (Hamer Gallery) and Edinburgh (Ziv gallery). P. Leonov’s paintings were used in the film “Seraphim Polubes and other inhabitants of the Earth." Films about the artist himself and his work were shot in 1998 (“Leonov and his wife Zina went out for a walk”, it received prizes of festivals in Belgium and Germany), in 1999 (“Leonov”, Netherlands), and in 2001 (“Leonov from Makhovitsa”).

A Ukrainian avant-garde artist, painter and designer, an active and prominent participant in various latest art movements and groups of the 1910-1920s of the 20th century. He is often referred to as “Ukrainian Picasso” in art history. He was the author and designer of such innovative projects at that time as book and propaganda vans, prefabricated kiosks and advertising stands. He worked productively in industrial graphics, developing design for packaging, factory and brand names and so on. Being engaged in the processing of fonts, he created new original styles. He wrote many easel paintings in the genres of landscape and portrait, and also painted covers for avant-garde magazines and books. Yermylov can be called an associate member of the activities of El Lissitzky and Alexander Rodchenko; he was a friend of Vladimir Mayakovsky, Velemir Khlebnikov and Vasily Kamensky. The post-revolutionary development of art in Kharkov is often called the “Yermylov period” - he is deservedly considered the leader of the Ukrainian Constructivist school and a key figure in the country's avant-garde. The master’s works are, in addition to Ukrainian and Russian major museums of modern art, in galleries and museums in the USA, Germany, France, and are in demand at international auctions. In Kharkov, in 2012, the first center of contemporary art was opened, named "Yermylov Center" after the innovative artist.

Synopsis:A Russian painter and graphic artist, who officially called himself an artist-researcher. He was one of the famous leaders of the avant-garde in his country, a theorist and founder, as well as a practitioner and teacher of "analytical art", a unique reforming movement that had a significant impact on the artistic mindsets of many creators of the first half of the 20th century.Filonov brought elements of scientific knowledge into the vanguard movement and was engaged in combining different ways of knowing the world, relying on intuition. In fact, the artist, who had phenomenal abilities in abstracted thinking, developed a symbolic understanding of painting, the aim of which was to depict not only the object but also thoughts about it and the way of its transmission, that is, added self-reflection to symbolism.Filonov had many followers and imitators, but the strength of his original “accomplishment” was difficult to achieve. Filonov’s “analytical art”, which formed the symbolist branch in the Russian avant-garde, was in opposition to constructivism and suprematism and came close to the surrealistic motives of European modernism.The master’s works are popular in the art market and are constantly exhibited throughout the world. At the exhibition in the Paris center of G. Pompidou in 1990, eight works stolen from the Russian Museum were found; seven of them were returned after many years of negotiations.

A Georgian self-taught artist, a bright and world-famous representative of Naïve art. The largest collections of the nearly 300 preserved paintings by Pirosmani are in Georgia (at the State Museum of Arts), at the State Museum of Oriental Art and the Tretyakov Gallery (Moscow). In 1982, the house-museum of the artist was opened in the village of Mirzaani. Several films are devoted to him: “Arabesques on the theme of Pirosmani” by S. Parajanov (a short movie, 1985), “Love with an accent” devoted to the “million scarlet roses”, 2011, etc.

Alfred Wallis was an English sailor and self-taught painter, a bright and original representative of naive art.His paintings devoted to the depiction of Cornwall are in demand both as a valuable cultural value with its purity and expressiveness, and as an opportunity to see the famous terrain in its glare of the early 20th century. The house of Wallis in the very center of Saint-Yves welcomes those who wish to see the place, where the naive-style artist, famous at his old age, lived and worked. The cottage that is working as a mini-hotel is full of copies of his paintings, the originals of which are in the prestigious Tate Metropolitan Gallery.

An English artist and decorator, who worked mostly in the style of primitivism. John Christopher Wood's father was a general practitioner. The future artist studied at the Department of Architecture at Liverpool University. Christopher Wood lived a very short, but full of creativity life, working and exhibiting his works both in France and in England. Communicating in the bohemian artistic circles of Paris and London, Wood was the only English artist of his generation, who was accepted by the European cultural community and representatives of art. He was a member of the Society of British Artists "Seven and Five" and designed the scenery for Diaghilev's ballet "Romeo and Juliet". The peculiarity of the manner of the artist and the proximity to the avant-garde art movements in Europe make Christopher Wood one of the most interesting and significant English artists of the 1920s.

A Ukrainian painter and graphic artist, art historian and critic, art theorist and memoirist, who lived and worked in France for a long time.He was one of 10 children of the director of a local bank. At the insistence of his mother, he studied at the Chernigov seminary, where he met writer M. Kotsyubinsky, with whom he kept in touch for a long time.One of well-known avant-garde artists, A. Gritchenko was an active member of the Paris group of Ukrainian artists, maintained constant contacts with AIUA in Lviv (Association of Independent Ukrainian Artists). A participant and, since 1931, a member of the Paris Salons, whose works are represented, in addition to France and Ukraine, at the national museums of modern art of Copenhagen, Brussels, Madrid, Oslo, Boston, Philadelphia, as well as at the State Russian Museum and the Tretyakov Gallery (Russia). Of particular value are the theoretical studies of A.V. Gritchenko in the field of art and books of memories.

Martiros Sergeevich (Sarkisovich) Saryan was a Russian and Armenian landscape painter, graphic artist and theater artist.He was born into an Armenian patriarchal family. In 1897-1904, he passed a course at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture.An active participant in the exhibitions of “Blue rose”, The Union of Russian artists, “The World of art”, the magazine “Gold Fleece", the association "Four Arts". The founder of the Academy of Arts in Armenia had a title of academician, People’s Artist of the USSR, Hero of social labor, was awarded state prizes. The creativity and activity of M. S. Saryan played a leading role in the formation of the national Armenian school of painting. The House-Museum of Martiros Saryan was opened in Yerevan.“Nature creates a man, in order to look at itself with its eyes, to enjoy its amazing beauty,” - said the artist about creativity.

An African-American self-taught painter, one of the very first and most talented black artists of the naive style in his country.Horace Pippin achieved success in America (then - “a country for whites”) and became incredibly popular during his lifetime. He managed to develop his talent and achieve mastery of such heights that his paintings are placed in the same row with the works of such a world-famous artist as Customs Officer Rousseau (France). Works of the highly gifted black painter are in many American museums.

An American self-taught artist of Irish descent.He became the first representative of the naive art (the American analogue of the style name is “the art of outsiders”), recognized by the artistic elite of America during his lifetime, and later became known around the world. Kane entered the history of world art with a powerful impact on the viewer with a self-portrait and his landscape paintings of industrial Pittsburgh. The works of the artist belong to several major museums of America (for example, the Metropolitan, New York). The appreciation of his work by professional artists played a special role in the development of American painting and paved the way for the recognition of other self-taught people.

A Canadian self-taught artist of Indian origin, the founder of Woodland School (Woodland or forest school).The most original and famous artist of his country. Norval Morrisseau was the first to depict ancient myths and legends on canvases transmitted by the oral tradition of the Ojibwa tribe. The naive artist is considered the creator of the Woodland artistic style. In 1989, he became the only Canadian artist invited to participate in the Earth Wizards exhibition at the Paris Museum of Modern Art. His personal exhibitions were frequently held by the famous US galleries. The artist was awarded an honorary degree at the Royal Academy of Arts of his country and the highest civil honor - a membership in the Order of Canada, and also received the highest award of the Assembly of First Nations – The Eagle Feather. His works are bought by the most prestigious museums around the world.

An Austrian artist of Czech descent, an outstanding representative of Expressionism.He was born into the family of a hereditary jeweller from the Czech Republic. His childhood and youth passed in Vienna, where he initially studied chemistry; at the age of 19, he entered the Vienna School of Arts and Crafts.A student of Gustav Klimt, Oskar Kokoshka was the leader of Austrian Art Nouveau, a member of the Berlin group "Sturm" and a participant in numerous art exhibitions, a professor at the Dresden and Salzburg Academy of Arts. He is also known as a talented writer and playwright, whose works attracted the attention with their boldness and caused an ambiguous reaction of the public. Kokoschka's work has laid down the main features that later were characteristic for Expressionist painting and theatre. In 1980, the Austrian Federal Government established the Oskar Kokoschka Award, one of the largest Austrian awards in the field of contemporary art.

A Ukrainian artist, painter and graphic artist. He was the founder of the monumental art of Ukraine, during the 20th century. He worked in the styles of Expressionism, primitivism and socialist realism. The teacher of the rural school where young Mykhaylo studied, noticing the talent of the guy, wrote about him in the newspaper with the goal of finding a mentor for the beginning artist. The artist from Lvov, Julian Pankevich, took Mykhaylo under the patronage. He taught him at his workshop, went with him for six months to Vienna to get acquainted with the museums. He was the leader of a group of like-minded people, called "boychukists" in the history of the fine arts. A member of the Scientific Society named after T. Shevchenko, Association of Revolutionary Art of Ukraine, one of the founders of the Ukrainian Academy of Arts. One of the representatives of the Executed Renaissance of Ukraine.

A Russian artist, decorator, graphic artist, one of the bright and active founders of the Russian avant-garde in its several directions. He worked in the styles of late Impressionism and Fauvism, Primitivism and Futurism, Rayonism, Surrealism.The artist was born into a military paramedic's family. Mikhail liked to paint from childhood and often returned to Tiraspol for summer sketches.Larionov was the inventor and theorist of the style of "Rayonism", which was recognized in the history of the world culture and was a forerunner and an integral part of the non-objective art, but existed mainly in Russia. Bright organizational talent manifested itself in the organization of famous groups "Jack of Diamonds" and "Donkey's Tail". As a decorator and costume designer, he worked in many productions of S. Diaghilev's Russian Ballets.In Paris, Larionov appeared as a graphic artist and as an outstanding theater artist. His sketches for decorations and costumes became independent works and were included in collections of museums and private collections, like "Lady with a fan".Whatever Larionov created, his living art has an amazing ability not to leave the viewer indifferent.

A Polish artist, literary critic, poet and playwright, who sought to combine the naivete of folk art with contemporary art movements: Dadaism and Futurism. The parents of the future artist were landowners and gave his son a good education. Tytus graduated from the secondary school in Nowy Sącz, and in 1902 entered the painting faculty of the Academy of Fine Arts in Kraków. Here his teachers were outstanding artists Yu. Mehoffer and S. Wyspianski. Having received an education in Paris and participated in the exhibition of the Salon of Independent in 1911, Tytus Czyzewski had a strong influence on the development of the avant-garde art of Poland. He was a participant and one of the organizers of the group of Polish Expressionists, which was then converted into the group "Formists", and edited the magazine with the same name. For several years he worked in the Embassy of Poland in Paris, was engaged in teaching activities, published scientific works in the field of art.

A French self-taught artist, a bright and extremely distinctive representative of Naïve art.Seraphine’s works became a part of the “pure art” exhibitions in the 1920s in France and were also shown at many collective and personal exhibitions in Switzerland, Germany and the USA in 1945. A large collection of her works is in the A. Maillol Museum (Paris). An article about S. Louis is included in the extensive encyclopedia “Naive Art” (1984, a joint project between Yugoslavia and England). In 2008, the film “Seraphine” was presented in France; it received 7 prestigious Cesar Awards.

A French self-taught artist nicknamed the Gardener due to his occupation, but more because of his love for still lifes and landscapes. He also painted historical landscapes, mythological narrative canvases and portraits.Having started his career as a painter at the age of 46, A. Bauchant created around 3000 paintings in 30 years. His exhibitions were held in many European countries, in the USA and Japan. He was the only French self-taught artist awarded the title of Chevalier of the Legion of Honor for his creative work and military service. Large collections of his works are in major museums in France and Germany.

A French self-taught artist, a major and illustrious representative of naive art.Though he worked in various genres – landscape, still life and portrait, he became famous mostly for his paintings with circus scenes. Camille Bombois’ exhibitions were held everywhere around the world; his numerous paintings are mostly in private collections and are extremely expensive at auctions.

An American painter, a talented aquarellist, one of the first artists in the United States, who began to use separate areas of color characteristic of Post-impressionism in his painting.He was born into the family of a merchant. In 1868, the family moved to Boston, where the artist's childhood passed.Maurice Prendergast spent his life in constant travels between Europe and America, each time bringing new trends in painting and meeting new people in Paris. He was the first American to comprehend the importance of creativity of Paul Cézanne for the development of world art and put many efforts to introduce his works to his compatriots. The artist was a member of the group of American artists "Eight", and participated with them in the famous exhibition "Armory Show" in 1913. The seven watercolors that were shown there presented Prendergast as the central figure in American painting, probably the greatest of his generation.

An Israeli and Romanian artist and architect, publisher and writer, a significant figure in the world avant-garde of the 20th century.He was born into a Jewish family. While studying at a secondary school, he also took private piano lessons and individual painting lessons from Romanian Expressionist Joseph Izer.He was a theorist of Dadaism and one of the leading exhibitors of constructivism in Easter Europe, as well as a founding member of several creative and innovative associations of artists in Romania and Israel. Marcel Janko became an organizer and designer of the village of painters and sculptors in Ein Hod near Haifa (Israel), where the Yanko-Dada Museum and studios are now actively working. He is a laureate of several prestigious awards in his historical motherland.

An American artist of German descent, outstanding graphic artist and cartoonist, photographer, talented teacher. He was born into a family of musicians from Germany. From an early age, he demonstrated musical abilities; his parents saw him as a successful musician. After the family moved to Germany in 1887, Lyonel preferred fine art to music. He attended an art school in Hamburg; in 1889-1892 he was a student at the Art Academy in Berlin. In his student years, the artist began collaborating with the magazine "Humorous Pages", where he published his caricatures.Lyonel Feininger became famous in the United States as the author of witty caricatures and funny comics that were published in weekly magazines; although, he gained true recognition in his historical homeland - in Germany, where his most fruitful years passed. Feininger closely collaborated with the members of the Munich association "Blue Rider" and actively participated in joint exhibitions of Expressionists. He was one of the founders of the group "Four Blues", which, unfortunately, lasted a very short time. The artist's life is connected with the Weimar "Bauhaus": there he taught engraving and painting, illustrated didactic publications and designed the art gallery of the institution. The work of the artist is marked by his own bright style, based on a mixture of Cubism, Futurism and Expressionism with a touch of romance in the stories and images.

French painter, graphic artist and designer, a vivid representative of Fauvism and Cubism. Raul was born into a large family. His father and brothers were fond of music and theater. The artist is known for his light and joyful canvases depicting rest and holidays. In addition to painting, Raoul Dufy was engaged in illustrations and graphics and showed himself as a talented designer of fabrics, which was very popular and dictated fashion to all of Paris. The artist was awarded the Order of the Legion of Honor, his solo exhibitions were held in Paris, Prague, Zurich, Brussels, New York. He received many large orders, including a huge wall painting devoted to the history of the emergence of electricity for the Paris International Exhibition of 1937.

A French painter, sculptor, master of the monumental decorative art, one of the grandees of the fine art of the early twentieth century.The father of the future artist was engaged in cattle breeding and died when Fernan was only a few years old. Leger received his primary education at the church school in Tensecheb, and afterward, he studied architecture in Cannes.Fernand Leger played an important role in the formation and dissemination of Cubism and laid the foundations for such avant-garde trends as Neoplasticism and Constructivism. The artist actively collaborated with Cubist group "Golden Section", participated in the exhibitions "Salon of Independent", "Autumn Salon" and avant-garde association "Style", founded by Piet Mondrian in the Netherlands and the Russian "Jack of Diamonds". His interest in the possibility of synthesis of the arts led to the development and implementation of several architectural and design projects. The artist also clearly manifested himself in the field of applied creativity, scenography, cinema and book graphics. Together with Ozenfant, he founded The Free Art School, and later The Contemporary Art Academy. From 1940, the artist lived in the United States, where he taught at Yale University and at Mills College in California and achieved much in promoting contemporary art trends in the country.

An outstanding Russian painter and draftsman, who worked in the genres of portrait, everyday and plot pictures, theatrical scenery.He was born into the family of a professor of a theological seminary. At an early age his father passed away when Boris was younger than two. Him and his three siblings were raised by a his mother on a small pension, she also gave music lessons and sewed. After graduating from the parish school, he studied at the gymnasium, where he got addicted to drawing. In 1887, when the 15th exhibition of Peredvizhniki artists was opened in Astrakhan, Boris, while watching paintings with admiration, decided to become an artist. His mother, despite the fact that she was poor, supported the aspiration of her son.He was an academician of painting, a member of all the progressive communities of St. Petersburg, created in the early 20th century, but at the same time stood apart from them due to his unique talent. A self-portrait of the artist was placed in the prestigious Florentine Uffizi Gallery, and his House-Museum was opened in Astrakhan. The demand for Kustodiev's art does not diminish - in 2012, the painting "The Cabman" from the collection of P. Kapitza sold for 4.4 million pounds sterling.

An outstanding Hungarian artist of Jewish origin, one of the most famous representatives of the Hungarian avant-garde of the first half of the 20th century. He was born to a working-class Jewish family. Using the aesthetics and techniques of a number of modern movements, Bela Kadar created powerful images based on the Magyar (Hungarian) culture and legends. The artist was a member of popular Berlin art group “Der Sturm”, his works were exhibited in Europe and America, were bought by the national museum of Hungary and remain in demand in the world to this day.His favorite plots were those with galloping horses, toy horses or statuettes appearing in urban and interior paintings, portraits and landscapes. Another motif, often reproduced by the artist, is music. His naked women were depicted with guitars and other instruments in the most unexpected ways. The master's pictures with subjects written in a light manner became widely famous - they provided a viewer with aesthetic pleasure and easily fit into any interior. Today, his paintings are in many private and public collections around the world, including the Hungarian National Gallery in Budapest.

A Hungarian self-taught painter of Slovak-Rusyn origin, whose paintings are equally attributed to the styles of primitivism and expressionism.Tivadar Kostka Csontváry was born into the family of a respected pharmacist. When he was 12 years old, his family moved to Serednye village (now the territory of Zakarpatya, Ukraine). Tivadar was sent to study in the city of Ungvar (now Uzhgorod) at a commercial school (he studied law and pharmacology). After graduation, he worked, like his father, as a pharmacist.He spent a significant part of his life in Uzhgorod (modern Ukraine). He created paintings and graphic works, depicting what he saw in his multiple travels. He was a patriot of national Hungarian art and relied on the traditions of the people. Paintings by Tivadar Csontváry – mostly plot paintings and portraits – are in demand to this day and are very highly valued at auctions. The largest collection has the Hungarian National Art Gallery (127 paintings) and the Museum of the artist in Pécs. Two monuments to the artist were installed in Uzhgorod, including a mini-sculpture (2016).

An outstanding Mexican painter, muralist, as well as a left-wing politician. Born in Guanajuato (northwest of Mexico), in a notable and well-to-do Spanish family. His mother was a Jew from among the conversion (converted to Catholicism). His twin Diego died at the age of two. The boy started drawing when he was three years old; his parents actively encouraged him. The significant periods of his career were in France and the United States. He was the most influential Mexican artist of the 20th century. His art served as the basis for the concept of public art in America, becoming a significant part of the Federal Program for the Development of National Art in the 1930s and 1940s. D. Rivera is widely known in the world as a monumental artist and as the husband of artist Frida Kahlo. Although his main legacy, no doubt, are murals there was a fairly long and noticeable cubist period in his creative career, when about 200 canvases were created.

A Mexican artist, most famous for her unusual self-portraits, as well as for her human stoicism and ability to create outrage. For Frida Kahlo painting became a way to study issues of self-identity and existence when the 19-year-old girl was recovering from a severe accident. As a result, Kahlo, who did not have a systematic art education but possessed natural talent and the courage of self-expression, became one of the first Mexican avant-garde artists and a vivid representative of European Surrealism.Kahlo not only entered the already existing stream of the latest trends in the visual arts but also expanded its boundaries for female artists. In her art, new and well-formulated means for discussing the most complex aspects of female identity are just as significant as the motives for self-identification through Mexican national culture, primarily through the work of the peoples of pre-Columbian America. The artist used the visual symbolism of physical pain in an attempt to understand emotional suffering. Before the emergence of the art of Kahlo, the language of loss, suffering and death was relatively well studied by some male artists (A. Dürer, F. Goya, E. Munch), but a woman created such art at the world level for the first time.Kahlo became the first Mexican artist whose work was acquired by the Paris Louvre. One of the most popular museums in the world has been open at Kahlo's parental home.

Basquiat was famous as a graffiti artist and as a very successful Neo-expressionist. He is the author of a series of crazy paintings.From childhood, the painter spoke English, French and Spanish. Young Basquiat read Symbolist poems, as well as myths and historical books. He became interested in arts at an early age and also dreamt of becoming a cartoonist.

German painter, sculptor, graphic artist, poet and one of the key figures in Surrealism and the Dada movement.Ernst’s father was a teacher at a school for deaf children and an amateur artist. That is why, under his guidance, Max started painting at an early age. From the outset, Max was an impressionable child and fancied going to the forest with his father. In 1906, Ernst’s younger sister was born. That same day, his beloved parrot died. The timing of these two events struck the teenager, and he decided that his small sister had taken the life of the bird. From that point on, the artist repeatedly portrayed people in the form of birds.

Spanish painter, graphic artist, sculptor, director and writer. One of the most famous figures in Surrealism, and author of “The Persistence of Memory”, one of the most famous paintings of the 20th century.Dalí started painting at the age of four. He created his first serious work at the age of ten. It was a small impressionistic landscape, painted on a wooden board with oil paints. Henceforth, Dali spent whole days sitting in a small, specially allocated room and painting pictures. “I wanted to be given the laundry under the roof of our house. I got it and made it my own workshop, decorating it in the way I preferred,” he remembered later. Moreover, he liked to analyze the works of famous artists. He wrote and published essays about the works of Velazquez, Goya, El Greco, Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci.

Russian avant-garde artist who worked in the styles of Suprematism, Neo-Primitivism and Cubo-Futurism. She created “The Green Line”, a masterpiece in 20th century non-objective painting.In her early works, the artist used decorative and bright contrasts (for example, in “The Red House”). In the design of Futuristic books, the artist skillfully combined “female slyness” with the “horrors of Cubism.”After the revolution, the artist took an active part in the reorganization of art. In the later period of her creativity, Rozanova developed her own method of drawing. It was based on the decorative effect of painting, as well as its colorful aspects.Poet Benedikt Livshits wrote that Olga Rozanova was “a person who knew firmly what she wanted in art, and whose way to her goal was very special, unlike anyone else’s”.

Artist and art theoretician. He was the pioneer of geometric abstract art and the originator of the avant-garde Suprematist movement and Cubo-Futurism.Malevich created his first oil painting at the age of 16. It was named “Moonlit Night”. In his paintings, he tried to combine the principles of Cubism, Futurism and Expressionism. He was also interested in aerial photography and aviation, which led him to abstractions inspired by aerial landscapes.

A Russian artist of Jewish origin, a vivid representative of the avant-garde of the first third of the 20th-century art. El Lissitzky is rightly classified as a “pioneer” in exposition design. His famous prouns (short for “projects of the approval of the new”) conquered Europe - the “Prouns' Room” was created in Berlin, and the principles developed by Lissitzky were used by such artists as V. Tatlin, P. Mondrian, etc.The role of Lissitzky in building effective bridges between the Western avant-garde and Russian post-revolutionary art in the 1920s was significant. Collaborating with many art magazines published in Berlin and Amsterdam, Lissitzky influenced the development of the international graphic design of the XX century and a whole generation of European artists.Lissitzky believed that the artist is an agent of social changes, who seeks and implements a new expressive language through posters with a bright visual effect, easily understood by all social layers in all countries of the world. The propaganda side of many of his works does not overshadow what the artist brought into the use of forms, solid colours, and their organization in the space of the work. His creative concept developed the branch when the totality of the work is a unique style that embodies painting, architecture and sculpture.The artist was an active member of the Jewish national cultural revival, organizer and participant in exhibitions, illustrator of Jewish literature. A valuable contribution to the development of art was his essay “Memories of the Mogilev Synagogue” published in 1923 in Berlin, the only theoretical work by Lissitzky dedicated to Jewish decorative art.

Mediums: gouache on paper. Location: private collection.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Dimensions: 43 x 33 сm. Location: The Dolores Olmedo Collection, Mexico City (Mexico).

Mediums: wood, oil. Dimensions: 23,2 x 30,5 сm. Location: The Los Angeles County Museum of Art (the USA).

Mediums: oil, canvas. Dimensions: 63,5 x 49,5 сm. Location: The Nicholas Muray Collection, Harry Ransom Center, Texas (the USA).

Mediums: oil, canvas. Dimensions: 40 x 28 сm. Location: The Museum of Modern Art, New York (the USA).

Mediums: oil, canvas. Dimensions: 173,5 x 173 сm. Location: Museum of Modern Art, Mexico City (Mexico).

Mediums: oil, canvas. Dimensions: 28,5 x 20,7 сm. Location: The Musée National d'Art Moderne de Paris (France).

Mediums: oil, wood. Dimensions: 40 x 28 сm. Location: The Museum of Modern Art, New York (the USA).

Mediums: oil, tempera, zink. Dimensions: 30,5 x 34,5 сm. Location: Museum of Modern Art, New York (the USA).

Mediums: oil, canvas. Dimensions: 100 x 79 сm. Location: The Museum of Modern Art of San Francisco (the USA).

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: The National Art Museum of Ukraine (Kyiv).

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: The National Gallery of Art (Washington, the USA).

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: private collection.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: Art Institute of Chicago (the USA).

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: Center Pompidou - Musée National d'Art Moderne (Paris, France).

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: The Tate Modern Gallery, London (the UK).

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: The Hepworth Wakefield Museum (the UK).

Mediums: oil, sand board. Location: National Portrait Gallery, London (the UK).

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: The State Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow (Russia).

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: The State Russian Museum, St. Petersburg (Russia).

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: State Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow (Russia).

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: State Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow (Russia).

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: State Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow (Russia).

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: Tate Modern Gallery, London (the UK).

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: the State Russian Museum, St. Petersburg (Russia).

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: The Municipal Museum in Bruges (Belgium).

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: The Museum of Fine Arts in Ostend (Belgium).

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: Museum of Fine Arts, Ghent (Belgium).

Mediums: oil, canvas. Dimensions: 116 x 90 cm. Location: Pushkin Museum, Moscow, Russia.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: Museum of Contemporary Art, New York, the USA.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: Musee d'Orsay, Paris.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: National Picasso Museum, Paris.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: National Museum of Contemporary Art, Tokyo, Japan.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: Museum of Contemporary Art, New York, the USA.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: Musee d'Orsay, Paris.

Mediums: pastel, paper. Location: The collection of A. B. Sterligova, Moscow (Russia).

Mediums: watercolour, paper. Location: The State Russian Museum, St. Petersburg (Russia).

Mediums: watercolor, whitewash, paper. Location: The State Museum of the History of St. Petersburg (Russia).

The private collection of V. Volkov, Moscow.

The private collection of V. Volkov, Moscow.

Location: Moscow Museum of Modern Art.

Location: Moscow Museum of Modern Art.

Location: Museum of amateur art, Suzdal, Russia.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: The Pompidou Center, Paris (France).

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: The Collection of the Center G. Pompidou, Paris (France).

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: Royal Museum of Fine Arts, Antwerp, Belgium.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: Ensor Museum, Ostend, Belgium.

Mediums: paper, gouache. Location: National Art Museum of Ukraine, Kiev.

Mediums: paper, gouache. Location: The State Museum of Decorative Ukrainian Art, Kiev.

Mediums: paper, gouache. Location: National Art Museum of Ukraine, Kiev.

Mediums: paper, gouache. Location: National Art Museum of Ukraine, Kiev.

Mediums: paper, gouache. Location: National Art Museum of Ukraine, Kiev.

Mediums: paper, gouache. Location: National Art Museum of Ukraine, Kiev.