Pointillism (Divisionism)

An Italian painter, architect, sculptor and art critic. He worked mostly in Milan and Rome. The work of Mario Sironi overcame several cardinal changes during his long career. The artist made the greatest contribution to Futurism, enriching and supplementing it with his original finds, as well as to metaphysical painting, becoming its bright and original representative. He was also one of the creators of the “Novechento” style that tried to change the diversity of modernist movements with a more rational “return to order”.Mario Sironi was a master of the industrial landscape subtly feeling the rhythm and atmosphere of his era. His paintings are distinguished by twilight mood and dark tones, contrasting sharply with the bright and enthusiastic canvases of Futurists. Using a rather limited palette, thanks to his sense of colour and form Sironi managed to create a unique atmosphere of alienation and emptiness of the modern world.Like many of his colleagues, the artist supported the fascist regime and created murals and mosaics commissioned to the order of the government. After the fall of the Mussolini regime, he experienced a great shock and disappointment, which negatively affected his work, but he continued to actively paint until the end of his days.

An Italian Futurist artist, decorator and master of murals. The name Gerardo Dottori is inextricably connected with the historical region of Umbria, where he was born and lived most of his life and where most of his paintings are kept. In Perugia, his hometown, he founded the avant-garde art magazine Griffa, which carried out the task of spreading the ideas of Futurism in the region.The artist signed the “Aerial Painting Manifesto” in 1929 and became one of the leaders of this movement chanting speed, height and the feeling of flight. His most famous works are original images of Italian landscapes, often viewed from a great height. Bright, saturated shades of emerald and blue, which the artist used in his works, as well as fantastic landscapes, became the hallmark of the master.Dottori called himself a "rural futurist”. He never admired the roar of machines, urban bustle and noise. The artist preferred the calmness and contemplation of the hinterland where the time has a completely different speed, and nature and people do not change for centuries. For a long time, the artist’s work was among the little-known outside his homeland; however, in recent decades, the interest of Art Nouveau connoisseurs in bright and original works of Gerardo Dottori increased significantly.

An Italian artist and composer, poet, art theorist, one of the leaders of Futurism. Luigi Russolo was an extremely multi talented person, his talents included painting, music, literature and science.He was one of the most original representatives of Futurism, its founder and theorist. Music works of L. Russolo was approved and respected by great Russian composer Igor Stravinsky and Sergei Diaghilev, the founder of the famous Parisian ballets. Russolo's famous manifesto entitled “The Art of Noise” became the basis for the emergence of a number of musical trends that appeared many years after the death of their author.The artist’s contemporaries remembered him as a bold experimenter who was not afraid to present his painting and music inventions to society. Together with Umberto Boccioni, Giacomo Balla and other artists, he became the author of the “Technical manifesto of futuristic painting”, which was published in 1910.Russolo suggested introducing sound colours of the industrial world into art: the sounds of cars and trains, the noise of wheels, the sounds of factories and factories, the buzz of a busy crowd. His painting is distinguished by close connection with music and the extraordinary refinement of style and harmonious colour solutions.

An Italian painter and graphic artist, a representative of Futurism and Metaphysical painting. A creatively active artist and painting theorist, Carlo Carra was one of the most famous artists in Italy in the early decades of the 20th century and an influential member of the futuristic movement.The artist’s style changed dramatically several times over his long career. He survived several successive periods: early Neo-impressionism and Symbolism, Futurism, Cubism, metaphysics and neoclassical painting.The artist made the most significant contribution to Futurism. In his paintings, he skillfully combined the original techniques of cubism with dynamism and the bold innovation of futuristic ideology. Carra’s canvas of the futuristic period is filled with incredibly bright and energetic images, chaotic movement and wild emotions.During the war, he met with Giorgio de Chirico, with whom he founded a style known as metaphysical painting. Since then, he painted still lifes and interiors filled with ominous emptiness and mysterious silence. In the late 1920s, the artist completely abandoned the avant-garde art and defended the conservative aesthetics of Novecento.

An Italian painter, graphic artist, art theorist and critic. One of the first and most influential Futurists in the country. Gino Severini worked for a long time in the style of cubism, maintaining relations with Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque in Paris.Under the influence of his teacher Giacomo Balla, the artist learned ways of expressing movement and speed in painting, which led him to Futurism. Together with several associates, he signed the first Futurism Manifesto in 1910.The artist’s works are distinguished by dynamism, mobility and swiftness. At the same time, an amazing balance of composition characteristic of Cubists defines Severini’s work. This feature allows you to partially resolve the contradictions between Futurism and Cubism, to combine their attempts to create what is impossible: to depict an object at the same time from several points of time, viewing angles and positions in space. In his work, the artist came to this goal as close as possible, managing to depict a really moving, sounding and lively picture. The artist is considered an unsurpassed master in depicting the bustling nightlife of the city.

A French Symbolist painter, sculptor and graphic artist, a member of the Nabi group. As a landscape painter, the author of plot paintings and a sculptor, Lacombe explored Symbolist themes and interpreted them in his own way. Paintings and sculptures by Georges Lacombe are included in the collections of many museums around the world.

An outstanding Latvian avant-garde artist, one of the most popular and original painters of the second half of the 20th century, often called the patriarch of Latvian modern art. Having chosen an absolutely individual way and style in the visual arts, Auseklis Baušķenieks said, «I am looking for suggestions for my paintings from the environment, from everyday life, I am realistic in the form of work." At the same time, he skillfully used the technique of pointillism and continued French post-impressionist traditions. Always benevolent and witty in life, Baus (this is how he signed his paintings) created abstruse multifaceted works, sometimes dramatically detailed. Household plots of his works became surrealistic, filled with grotesque collisions based on life observations. The artist’s legacy allows you to see other aspects of his art - for example, he contributed to business graphics, creating posters and labels for goods and products. Despite accusations of retreating from the canons of social realism, the artist became a member of the Union of Artists of the USSR, and his works were exhibited during his lifetime in Latvia, Lithuania, Germany, Russia, the USA, France and Australia. The works of A. Baušķenieks are in museums and private collections in Latvia and abroad; they are in demand at art auctions.

A Dutch painter, graphic artist, master of stained glass, ceramist and illustrator.He was born into an Indonesian-Dutch family. The artist's father was an island resident, and his mother was a British subject.Jan Theodor Toorop was the largest representative of Symbolism in Dutch painting, who worked in a variety of art styles and techniques. The influence of Jan Toorop on the development of European avant-garde painting is difficult to overestimate. The artist left a bright mark on the art of England, Holland and Belgium, where he periodically lived, communicated with the most outstanding figures of art and was in various art associations. The author's unique style is a mixture of Symbolism with a Modernist presentation and mysterious Indonesian motifs, which impressed his contemporaries and had a large number of followers around the world.

Giovanni Segantini was an outstanding Italian and Swiss master of landscape, portrait and plot paintings, who praised the Alps and their inhabitants in his works.Giovanni was the son of a poor street vendor Agostino Segantini; he early orphaned. In his youth, the artist lived in Milan with his half-sister, who made sure that the 7-year-old boy was deprived of his Austrian citizenship. All his life he lived without citizenship and the passport of any country.When he was alive, his paintings were already exhibited in Paris and Amsterdam, Milan and Vienna, St. Petersburg and other major art centers in Europe. However, the painter himself could not travel together with his paintings and could not study those masters whom he heard much about, because he never managed to obtain any citizenship and passport in his entire life.

A British Post-Impressionist artist, participant and first chairman of the London group Camden Town, which brought together leading avant-garde artists and had a huge impact on the development of the fine arts of Great Britain.Spencer was the fourth child of Spencer William Gore, the landowner and winner of the first Tennis Championship at Wimbledon in 1877.Spencer Gore participated in almost all art associations in London at the beginning of the twentieth century, actively promoting avant-garde creativity among fellow painters and youth. Showing outstanding diplomacy, Gore assembled in 1913 a fragmented art group for an exhibition of works by the British Post-Impressionists, Cubists and other contemporary artists. He was a member of other artistic associations, such as "Fitzroy Street" and "New English Art Club", and also wrote a number of journalistic articles on fine art.

An American Post-impressionist painter of Swedish origin, Birger Sandzen is known as a talented landscape painter and graphic artist depicting the natural beauty of the American South-West.The father of the future artist was a priest, played the violin and wrote poetry; his mother studied drawing.In the creative heritage of the author, there are more than 30 thousand works made in the technique of oil painting, watercolors, lithographs, engravings and print. The artist was an active public figure: he organized the annual art exhibition of Midwestern art in Lindsborg and the Smokey Hill Art Club. He was a member of several influential art communities. The artist was awarded the prestigious Order of the Northern Star in his homeland and was an honorary doctor of the Midland Lutheran College, the University of Nebraska and Kanza State University. As a tribute to the contribution of Sandzen to the life of the Bethany College, founded by Swedish immigrants, the Birger Sandzen Memorial Gallery was created at the school.

An Austrian artist who worked in the style of Expressionism.He was born into a well-to-do Jewish family. The father of the artist was a rich businessman of Hungarian origin; his mother was a Czech-German Catholic. Richard did not study well at school; was expelled from the prestigious institution in Vienna, with the record "disciplinary difficulties» in his characteristic. The wealthy parents even hired private teachers for the young man.Richard Gerstl was known for his unique portraits revealing the essence of the human soul and based on the teachings of Freud. The artist was a rebel and freethinker; his work was not properly assessed among his contemporaries. Gerstl lived only 25 years, though in his short life managed to make an invaluable contribution to the development of European Expressionism. His psychological painting served as the basis for the German branch of this movement, the brightest representative of which is Oskar Kokoshka.

A pointillist, graphic artist and sculptor. A bright representative of the Belgian painting of the late XIX century.Was born into a wealthy family. His elder brother, Octave van Rysselberghe, was a famous architect.Theo van Rysselberghe was a key figure in the development of avant-garde trends in Belgium and in maintaining cultural connections with France. He was one of the founders of the group "Les XX" ("Twenty"), which united innovators, who protested against outdated Academicism of that time and the limitations of art standards. Among the most prominent members of the association, there were James Ensor, Willie Finch, Fernand Knopff, and soon both Auguste Rodin and Paul Signac.The artistic heritage of Theo van Rysselberghe is extremely diverse. Among his works, you can find exotic paintings depicting the inhabitants of Morocco, numerous portraits, landscapes with sailboats and nude women.

An English artist and innovator, animal painter and landscape painter, draftsman and master of lithography.Robert was born into the large Quaker family of rich banker Richard Alexander Bevan and Laura Maria Polhill, who lived in East Sussex (the town of Hove near Brighton).He was one of the most active members of several progressive associations of artists in Britain - Kemden Town group, renamed the London Group (the London Group), the association "Fitzroy-Street." He founded the Cumberland Market group and was elected a member of the New English Art Club (NEAC).The first large memorial exhibition of Robert Bevan was held in 1926, then several more times. Children, who received an inheritance in equal parts, presented part of the parents' works to the Ashmolean Museum of Art and Archeology, Oxford, Great Britain.

A Famous French Neo-Impressionist, Pointillist, Symbolist.He worked in the genres of landscape, portrait and monumental painting. Although the works of Henri Martin as a Neo-impressionist are not considered to be fundamental ones, they were successful and deservedly entered the world classic painting. The master repeatedly won medals at the Paris and World exhibitions, was awarded the Grand Prix. In the town where the artist lived for several decades, there is the Henri Martin Museum; his paintings are presented at the exhibitions of art museums and galleries of not only many cities of France, but also in the USA (Chicago, New York), Japan, Germany, etc.

A French artist, master of monumental painting, a vivid representative of Symbolism.Alphonse Osbert was a member of the mystical Rosicrucian community, which was organized by Josephine Peladan in Paris, and constantly exhibited his works at the Symbolist Salon de la Rose + Croix. The artist was successful during his lifetime: he sold his canvases throughout France and abroad, repeatedly received large orders from the state for the design of public buildings. He was the creator of large-scale murals in the lobby of the French Vichy resort and the House of Bourg-la-Reine. In the early twentieth century, Alphonse Osbert was one of the most influential Symbolists of France.

An American painter, a talented aquarellist, one of the first artists in the United States, who began to use separate areas of color characteristic of Post-impressionism in his painting.He was born into the family of a merchant. In 1868, the family moved to Boston, where the artist's childhood passed.Maurice Prendergast spent his life in constant travels between Europe and America, each time bringing new trends in painting and meeting new people in Paris. He was the first American to comprehend the importance of creativity of Paul Cézanne for the development of world art and put many efforts to introduce his works to his compatriots. The artist was a member of the group of American artists "Eight", and participated with them in the famous exhibition "Armory Show" in 1913. The seven watercolors that were shown there presented Prendergast as the central figure in American painting, probably the greatest of his generation.

A French artist, a representative of late Impressionism and a follower of Neo-impressionism (pointillism).Was born into the family of a railway employee who lived in Montparnasse.He is famous not only for his paintings, but also for graphic works, and book illustrations. Luce actively took part in different exhibitions, and also had an active life position: he founded Groupe de Lagny art group in Lagny together with L. Pissarro; was elected the vice-president, and then the president of the Society of Independent.The artist's works (more than 4 thousand paintings and 3 thousand drawings) are in the collections of many museums in the US and France, Spain and Germany, Italy, etc.

A Belgian Neo-impressionist, a member of "the society of Les XX” – the group of artists, designers and sculptors, whose goal was the development of new trends in art.He was born into the family of an architect in Scharbeck, near Brussels. Parents gave Georges Lemman an initial art education at the drawing school.The technique of pointillism was the closest to the artist; in this style Georges Lemmen worked during his greatest artistic period, leaving a beautiful artistic heritage and influencing the development of this art movement not only in Belgium.Thanks to the activities of “the society of Les XX”, Brussels at the end of the XIX century turned into one of the world centers of modern art. Georges Lemmen is known more as a Neo-impressionist, but also made a significant contribution to the development of the Belgian Art Nouveau. He created a large number of book illustrations, posters, graphic works, ceramics, textiles and interior items in this style.

A French artist, graphic artist and designer. Representative of Symbolism and Art Nouveau, one of the founders of the group of artists "Nabis" (French "Nabis", from Hebrew "The Prophets").The works of Vuillard are referred to the genre of "intimism" for the striving for the poetization of everyday life. Paintings of Vuillard, covering not so many themes, differs in harmony and original tonal decision, which makes it quite recognizable even among other "nabists". The artist is famous not only for his paintings, but also for interesting monumental compositions. His frescoes can be seen in the foyer of the theater of the Champs Elysees, in the Palais de Chaillot and the Palace of Nations in Geneva.

A French painter, graphic artist, talented teacher, art critic and writer.His talent, that manifested itself from the time when the artist was young helped him enter the Academy of Fine Arts in his hometown. Here, Metzinger studied the basics of academic art from talented, though not very well-known portraitist Ippolit Turton. However, very soon he began to show his interest in various avant-garde painting trends in particular, Neo-impressionism.Jean Metzinger was the leading theoretician of Cubism, who became known for his treatise titled "On Cubism", written in collaboration with Albert Gleizes. In 1912, the artist was among the founders of the group "Golden Section" - a branch of the Paris School, which consisted of leading Cubist artists and other followers of abstract art. The first show of this group at the exhibition "Salon of Independent" in 1911 caused a great resonance in society. Thanks to the articles on art, teaching activity, and bright individual style, Jean Metzinger became one of the important figures of Abstract art of the early 20th century, and made a great contribution to its distribution throughout Europe and the USA.

An outstanding French artist, Neo- and Post-impressionist, a master of landscape painting.Gustave was born into the family of a meat shop owner. As a child, he received his first lessons from his family friend who was a decorator. He helped him master the traditional methods of drawing and composition.G. Loiseau used and developed several innovative techniques at once, combining them in his own original style. He brought a more gentle touch to the depicted nature into Post-impressionism, which makes his work unique.

A Post-impressionist artist, the creator of the original painting method called "divisionism", or "pointillism", the founder of Neo-impressionism.Georges was born in the family of a bailiff. He began to paint from early childhood. Visited art schools, but preferred to study by himself.The style and scientific concept of Georges-Pierre Seurat became an artistic revolution that has breathed life into Impressionism, which had already begun to lose its popularity. One decade was enough for Seurat to remain a synonym for innovation in the history of art, and also a synonym for self-denial in the name of the idea. Becoming a logical continuation of Impressionism, the non-standard technique created by him revealed a new branch of modernist trends - Neo-impressionism.

Henri Edmond Cross (Henri Edmond Delacroix) was a French painter and graphic artist, a brilliant representative of Neo-impressionism, a talented watercolorist and marine painter.The artist’s childhood passed in the city of Lille. The talent of Henri Delacroix manifested itself very early; so, his relatives sent him to learn painting from famous artist Carolus-Durand.Together with J. Seurat and P. Signac, Henri Cross founded the Independent Society in Paris - an association of artists whose works were not accepted by the jury of the official Art Salon and who exhibited their paintings separately. Later the painter was elected as a Vice President. The work of Cross, at first realistic, is transformed into a brighter, more colorful and full of light under the influence of Impressionism. Following the method of like-minded people Seurat and Signac, he completed it with individual features and his own subjects.

A French painter and master of monumental paintings, who worked in several art styles.Lebasque is known as "the artist of joy and light" for his lyrical canvas full of harmony. He belonged to the circle of Henri Matisse and founded with him the independent Autumn Salon, which exhibited the works of the most progressive artists and sculptors. Henri Lebasque exhibited his works along with Fauvists at the famous Autumn Salon in 1905, where their work was called rampant and "wild" because of the defiantly bright colors. The artist created a large number of landscapes, portraits, scenes in the interior with nudity. The internal design of the Parisian theater on the Champs Elysees and transatlantic liners also belong to the brush of Henri Lebasque.

A French and American artist, designer, graphic illustrator, poet and publicist, who had Cuban citizenship.The artist's father was a Cuban attaché; his mother was a Frenchwoman. Financially secured Picabia studied with Fernand Cormon and other well-known teachers at the School of Applied Arts. After graduation, the artist worked at the studio of Cormon with his classmates Georges Braque and Marie Laurencin for the next four years.Francis Picabia became famous as an eccentric artist who does not obey any rules and stylistic dogmas in his work. He was called "Papa Dada", since he was the largest figure of the Dada movement in the United States and France, and the editor of the avant-garde magazine "391", where the works of artists of this movement were published. Together with his friend and companion Marcel Duchamp, Picabia had a great influence on contemporary art, in particular, on Surrealism and conceptualism. The main galleries of contemporary art in the world still actively acquire the master's paintings.

A French Neo-impressionist, an outstanding graphic artist, who was a member of the group of pointillists headed by Georges Seurat, the author of an artistic method called pointillism and divisionism.He was born into the family of a rural schoolteacher and was the third and the youngest child. He received his primary education at the Academy of Arts in Rouen.Angrand was a notable figure of the French avant-garde of the end of the nineteenth century and was directly involved in the organization of the Salon of Independent, where he often exhibited his paintings. The artist adhered to anarchist political views, like many other Neo-impressionists of that time. Angrand is known as a talented graphic artist; he performed many of his works in a black and white palette achieving incredible light effects.

Cornelis (Kees) Theodorus Maria van Dongen is a French and Dutch artist and graphic artist, one of the founders of Fauvism.Kees van Dongen lived and worked in Paris, having obtained French citizenship in 1929. He participated in various exhibitions, including the famous Autumn Salon of 1905, together with H. Matisse, Vlaminck, Derain, Manguin, when the artists were first called fauvists ("wild") for their bright color paintings. The artist also drew cartoons for popular newspaper La Revue Blanche, organized costumed balls in Montparnasse. Since 1908, he became a member of the art association "Most" (Germany). Van Dongen was friendly with Pablo Picasso and his entourage, living in the famous hostel of Bato Lavoir in Montmartre. The artist's paintings brought him great popularity in the circles of the French bourgeoisie and, as a consequence, - prosperity. In 1926, Dongen was awarded the Order of the Legion of Honor; in 1927, he was awarded the Order of the Crown of Belgium.

A Swiss artist, sculptor, illustrator and graphic artist, who also created numerous wall paintings. He signed his paintings with the pseudonym Emil Sinclair.Cuno Amiet was born into the family of an official (state archivist) in the canton of Solothurn, where he began to take painting lessons.The artist worked in the genres of landscape and portrait. Belongs to the post-impressionist art movement, was a member of the Pont-Aven School, the Nabis group and the Vienna Secession. He was an honorary Doctor of Arts at the University of Berne, as well as an honorary member of the Solothurn Union of Artists, and since 1906 actively participated in the Art Association "The Bridge" (Germany).

A Russian painter, who worked in Germany and Switzerland.Alexej was the fifth of eight children born into the family of a colonel in the Russian army. In the 1980s, he served as an officer in the imperial army. At the same time, he was a student of Ilya Repin, working in his workshop at the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts.He was a founding member of the association of Munich Expressionist artists "New Art Society" (Neue Künster Vereinigung), the group "Blue Horseman" ("Der Blaue Reiter"); starting in 1925, he was a member of the Blue Four ("Die Blauen Vier") - an association that actively collaborated with German and American art galleries and art dealers.

A bright representative of new trends in the visual arts of the late nineteenth century.The artist's father was a wealthy man, the owner of a store. Received a comprehensive education, but did not paint professionally.Together with J. Seurat, Paul Signac was at the forefront of Neo-impressionism, and his study “From Eugene Delacroix to Neo-impressionism” became a peculiar manifesto of the new movement. An active social activist, Signac was president of the Salon of Independent and received recognition during his lifetime. His paintings were popular and participated in various exhibitions. In 1911, the artist received a prestigious award - the Order of the Legion of Honor.

Albert Marquet was a French landscape painter, illustrator and graphic artist, whose work is connected with Post-impressionism, although he was close to Fauvism for some time. Albert was born into the family of a railway employee. The mother of the future artist encouraged her son's interest in painting. Marquet’s works were included in group exhibitions: in the Autumn Salons starting in 1902, and the Salon of Independent starting in 1906. He was also the author of a large number of skillful graphic works, kept in the museum of Malraux in Le Havre, and illustrations to the book by Charles-Louis Philippe "Bubu de Montparnasse", which was published in 1903. Albert Marquet preferred to live in small picturesque towns of France, traveled a lot, and visited even the USSR, where he had many admirers. Many of his pieces are kept in Russian museums. His art is a true example of the harmony of inner peace and dedication to his vocation.

Spanish painter, graphic artist, sculptor, director and writer. One of the most famous figures in Surrealism, and author of “The Persistence of Memory”, one of the most famous paintings of the 20th century.Dalí started painting at the age of four. He created his first serious work at the age of ten. It was a small impressionistic landscape, painted on a wooden board with oil paints. Henceforth, Dali spent whole days sitting in a small, specially allocated room and painting pictures. “I wanted to be given the laundry under the roof of our house. I got it and made it my own workshop, decorating it in the way I preferred,” he remembered later. Moreover, he liked to analyze the works of famous artists. He wrote and published essays about the works of Velazquez, Goya, El Greco, Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci.

Artist and art theoretician. He was the pioneer of geometric abstract art and the originator of the avant-garde Suprematist movement and Cubo-Futurism.Malevich created his first oil painting at the age of 16. It was named “Moonlit Night”. In his paintings, he tried to combine the principles of Cubism, Futurism and Expressionism. He was also interested in aerial photography and aviation, which led him to abstractions inspired by aerial landscapes.

An artist, sculptor and theorist of fine art, one of the central figures of Italian Futurism. Together with Gino Severini, he learned the technique of pointillism from Giacomo Balla and became one of the authors of the Futurism Manifesto in 1910.Umberto Boccioni was the most active participant and propagandist of the movement, its theorist and practitioner. Boccioni made the most significant contribution to the art as a sculptor. He was the first to create futuristic sculptures and wrote a work entitled “Technical manifesto of futuristic sculpture”.Like many of his contemporaries, the artist admired technology, speed, scientific progress and everything that represented the triumph of mankind over nature. Boccioni's works vividly demonstrate the main finds of Futurists - the image of the dynamics and construction of objects using the “line-force” and the principle of “simultaneity”, in which a moving object is presented in the form of several repeating elements of different moments of motion.Umberto Boccioni died early while serving in the army. However, despite that, his name entered the history of modern art forever. The artist’s works are considered the best examples of Italian avant-garde art, and the statue “Unique forms of continuity in space” is rightfully called one of the iconic sculptures of the twentieth century.

The founder of European Futurism and one of the most influential artists of the twentieth century in Italy. The main thing in his painting is the sense of movement, which the artist tried to convey first with the help of pointillism invented by Georges Seurat, and later with his own methods and finds in art.Giacomo Balla became the author of the first paintings depicting various objects in dynamics; his deep knowledge of the art of photography helped him. The artist shared his discoveries with his students Umberto Boccioni and Gino Severini, with whom he proclaimed the manifesto of Futurism in 1910.Balla’s paintings entered the history of fine art as the first attempts to reproduce the dynamics of real life. Based on his work, the first animated films were created. The decomposition of objects, which the artist himself called "moving light", opened a direct path to non-point forms leading to complete abstraction.The post-war creations of the artist were close to abstraction; they became less rapid but more saturated in colour. Balla also became one of the founders of "aero painting" - a short-term movement in the visual arts, the purpose of which was to reflect the feeling of fly and weightlessness.In addition to the works of fine art, the painter created futuristic sculptures, theatrical scenery and costumes, as well as various design objects. His work served as the basis for the development of Abstract art.

Marsden Hartley (real name: Edmund Hartley) was an American artist and poet, one of the largest representatives of avant-garde in his country. Spending much of his time in Europe, the artist joined a large and influential German group called the “Blue Horseman”. He also participated in prestigious European and American exhibitions. The works of Marsden Hartley are represented in large public collections throughout America as an important and integral part of the avant-garde movement in this country.

Pablo Picasso was a Spanish and French artist, sculptor, graphic artist, theater artist, ceramicist and designer. He was the founder of Cubism (together with Georges Braque and Juan Gris), in which the three-dimensional body was drawn in an original manner - as a series of superimposed planes. Also, it is known that his paintings hold first place in “popularity” among thieves.

André Derain was a French artist, painter, sculptor and co-founder of Fauvism with Henri Matisse. Two other main styles of his work were Cubism and Neo-Classicism.

Camille Pissarro was a French painter and graphic artist, one of the four first representatives of Impressionism. He painted landscapes, still lifes and portraits. He also worked in the styles of Divisionism (Pointillism) and Post-Impressionism.

A military officer and self-taught artist, Louis-Auguste-Albert Dubois-Pillet was not particularly noticeable amongst other prominent Neo-impressionists, but was one of the first followers of pointillism and did much for the development of avant-garde art.

Mediums: tempera, cardboard. Location: the Cassa di Risparmio Foundation (Perugia, Italy).

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: private collection.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: The Museum of Modern Art (Rovereto, Italy).

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: private collection.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: The Gallery of Italian Contemporary Art (London, the UK).

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: the Solomon Guggenheim Museum (New York, the USA).

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: private collection.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: Indianapolis Museum of Art, the USA.

Mediums: oil, cardboard. Location: The Center for Contemporary Art, Riga (Latvia).

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: The National Art Museum, Riga (Latvia).

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: City Museum, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: Indianapolis Museum of Art, USA.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: Vologda Regional Art Gallery.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: State Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: The Art Museum of Winterthur, Canton of Zurich, Switzerland.

Location: Museum of Contemporary Art Magodzaburou Okhary, Kurashiki, Japan.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: Latvian National Art Museum, Riga.

Location: private collection.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: private collection.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: private collection.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: Brighton Museum and Art Gallery, the United Kingdom.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: Museum of Fitzwilliam at the Cambridge University, Great Britain.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: private collection.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: private collection.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: the painting is at the permanent exhibition of the Museum of Modern Art in Strasbourg, Germany.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: Palace of Fine Arts in Lille, France.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: Musée d'Orsay, Paris.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: private collection.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: Musée d'Orsay, Paris.

Mediums: oil, canvas.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: Musée d'Orsay, Paris.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: Paris, the Museum d'Orsay.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: private collection.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: Museum d'Orsay, Paris, France.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: private collection.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: Museum d'Orsay, Paris, France.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Dimensions: 185 x 152,5 сm. Location: The Orsay Museum Paris, France.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: Gallery of the Courtauld Institute, London, England.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Dimensions: 169 x 141 сm. Location: Kröller-Müller Park Museum, Otterlo, The Netherlands.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: Art Institute of Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: The Kröller-Müller Museum, Otterlo, The Netherlands.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Dimensions: 39,4 x 48,7 сm. Location: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: National Gallery, Prague, Czech Republic.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: Art Institute, Chicago, USA.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: Collection of Cachany-Signac, Paris, France.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: London National Gallery, England.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: private collection.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: Museum Annonciad, Saint-Tropez, France.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: private collection.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: private collection.

Mediums: oil, paper. Location: Museum of Contemporary Art, Paris.

Location: Museum of Art, Houston, USA.

Location: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA.

Location: Petit Palais (Small Palace), Geneva, Switzerland.

Location: Museum of Art, Indianapolis, USA.

Location: Musée d'Orsay, Paris.

Location: Musée d'Orsay, Paris.

Location: National Gallery, London, UK.

Location: private collection.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: Musee d'Orsay, Paris, France.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Location: private collection.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Dimensions: 87 x 114 сm. Location: Museum Boijmans van Beuningen, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Dimensions: 65 x 81 сm. Location: D'Orsay Museum, Paris.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Dimensions: 131 x 195 сm. Location: D'Orsay Museum, Paris.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Dimensions: 72×92 сm. Location: Hermitage, St. Petersburg, Russia.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Dimensions: 92.5×73.5 сm. Location: National Museum of Contemporary Art, Paris.

Mediums: oil, canvas. Dimensions: 72 x 91 сm. Location: Musee d'Art Moderne de Troyes, Troyes, France.

Medium: oil, canvas. Location: private collection.

Medium: oil, canvas. Location: private collection.

Medium: oil, canvas. Location: private collection.

Medium: oil, canvas. Location: private collection.

Medium: oil, canvas. Location: private collection.

Medium: oil, canvas. Location: private collection.

Medium: oil, canvas. Location: private collection.

Medium: oil, canvas. Location: private collection.