High-tech architecture

Style in the architecture of late modernism, which consists in the aestheticization of the use of the latest technological advances in design. It was formed in the 70s of the twentieth century on the basis of structuralism, brutalism.

The main features of hi-tech in 1970 – 1980:

1. Idealization and romanticization of advances in advanced technology. The use of high technologies in the design, construction and engineering of buildings and structures;

2. The basic principle is constructive honesty;

3. Innovation in methods and designs. The external forms of high-tech architecture are aimed at depicting structural relationships, penetrating into space, and not merging with it;

4. Functionality;

5. Main materials: glass, aluminum, steel cables, concrete, plastic;

6. Filigree construction technique;

7. The designs are mostly ordinary, simple shapes and straight lines prevail;

8. Focus on uniqueness;

9. Going beyond the limits of three-dimensional bodies;

10. Free flowing interior spaces;

11. Direction outward;

12. Visual demonstration of structural and functional elements that are taken out;

13. Visibility of technical structures by multilayer limitation of external space;

14. Experiments with lighting in combination with mirrored surfaces. Decentralization of lighting sources;

15. Combination of futurism and respectability, lightness of silhouette and emphasized high cost of processing;

16. Classical harmony and the laws of proportions no longer play a major role;

17. High-tech architecture is open, dynamic and expressive;

18. Maximum limitation of the use of decorative elements;

19. High-tech architectural decor consists of elements that imitate supporting structures (brackets, frames, chrome pipes, etc.), pure geometry prevails in silhouettes, diluted with unexpected kinks and cutouts (his favorite motif is a cylinder or a cone with A rectangular niche “cut out” in it);

20. Extensive use of silver-metallic color.

The main features of hi-tech in 1990 – early twentieth century:
1. The architecture of high-tech begins to perform quite pragmatic tasks related to the problems of energy conservation, natural resources, and the environmental situation;
2. Constructions that formed the volume and space of objects became the main carrier of meanings;
3. The emergence of a wide range of shapes and outlines, it became possible due to the development of technology;
4. Development of metal and metal-plastic glass structures;
5. Filling the lightweight frame with layer-by-layer panels, which were clad with metal;
6. Dismemberment of the internal space by flat elements;
7. Widespread use of computers.

The main types of high-tech structures:

1. Public (airports, museums, cultural centers);
2. Commercial and office buildings (huge skyscrapers);
3. Engineering structures (bridges, viaducts, etc.).

Main representatives:

1. Richard Rogers;
2. Norman Foster;
3. Renzo Piano;
4. Helmut Jahn;
5. Group “Archigram”;
6. Hugh Hardy;
7. Stanley Tigerman;
8. Nicholas Grimshaw;
9. Jean Nouvel.

The main high-tech structures of 1970 – 1980:

1. Georges Pompidou Center in Paris 1971 – 1977 (architects Renzo Piano, Richard Rogers);
2. Olympic stadium in Munich, 1967 – 1972 (architects Gunter Benisch, Otto Frei);
3. Main building of the IV channel, London, 1994 (architect Richard Rogers);
4. The headquarters of Lloyd’s company in London, 1978 – 1986 (architect Richard Rogers);
5. The building of the Hong Kong and Shanghai Bank in Hong Kong, 1979 – 1985 (architect Norman Foster);
6. Renault Sales Center Building in Swindon, Wilshire, 1981 – 1983, (architect Norman Foster);
7. Terminal of the airport Stansted, 1981 – 1991 (architect Norman Foster);
8. Exhibition Gallery in Houston, Texas, 1981 – 1986 (architect Renzo Piano);
9. Building of the Congress Center in Berlin, 1973 – 1979 (architects Ralf Schüler, Ursulina Schüler-Witte);
10. Bavarian Mortgage Bank in Munich Bogenhausen, 1975 – 1981 (architects Walter, Bea, Betz);
11. Office of the construction company Züblin in Stuttgart, 1985 (architect Gottfried Boehm);
12. Institute of the Arab World in Paris, 1981 – 1987 (architect Jean Nouvel);
13. Reconstruction of the Opera House in Lyon, 1987 – 1993 (architect Jean Nouvel).

The main high-tech buildings of 1990 – early XXI century:

1. Tokyo National Cultural Forum, 1989 – 1996 (architect Rafael Vignela);
2. David Lawrence Community Center in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 2003 (architect Raphael Vignela);
3. The Research Campus of the Howard Newg Institute of Medicine in Frankincense Country, Virginia, 2006 (architect Raphael Vignela);
4. Center for the Arts “Caredyar” in Nimes, 1986 – 1993 (architect Norman Foster);
5. Building of the Faculty of Law in Cambridge, 1993 – 1995 (architect Norman Foster);
6. Building of “Commerzbank” in Frankfurt am Main, 1992 – 1994 (architect Norman Foster);
7. Chek Lap Kok Airport in Xianggang, 1992 – 1998 (architect Norman Foster);
8. UAE Pavilion at EXPO 2010 in Shanghai, 2010 (architect Norman Foster);
9. Terminal of the Kansai International Airport, 1988 – 1994 (architect Renzo Piano);
10. International Waterloo Terminal in London, 1990 – 1993 (architect Nicholas Grimshaw);
11. The building of the European Court of Justice and the Commission on Human Rights in Stasburg, 1989 – 1995 (architect Richard Rogers);
12. Palais de Justice in Bordeaux, 1992 – 2000 (architect Richard Rogers);
13. National Assembly Building for Wales in Cardiff, 1998 – 2005 (architect Richard Rogers);
14. Cultural Center and Congress Center in Lucerne, 1992 – 1999 (architect Jean Nouvel);
15. “Deutsche Post” building in Bonn, 2004 (architect Helmut Jan);
16. Sony Center at Potsdamer Platz, 2000 (architect Helmut Jan);
17. Suvarnabhumi Airport in Bangkok, 1995 (architect Helmut Yang).